Rinse the cucumbers and trim off the ends, if desired. Cut each cucumber in half crosswise, then quarter each half lengthwise. For a simpler option, slice the cucumbers into ¼-inch-thick rounds. Place the cucumbers in a large bowl, sprinkle with kosher salt, and toss to coat. Let them sit for 30 minutes to draw out excess moisture—this keeps them crunchy.
After salting, drain cucumbers thoroughly to remove any remaining moisture and remove some of the salt. Alternatively, you can quickly rinse the cucumbers under cold water, drain, and pat them dry with a clean kitchen towel to remove any excess moisture and salt.
In a small bowl, combine the grated garlic and ginger, Korean red pepper flakes, fish sauce, sesame oil, and sesame seeds. Mix well to form a thick, vibrant paste.
Place the drained cucumbers in a large mixing bowl. Add the julienned carrot, peeled and julienned apple, and sliced chives. Pour the marinade over the vegetables and toss gently with your hands (wear gloves) to ensure everything is evenly coated.
Transfer the mixture to a clean glass jar or airtight container, pressing down lightly to remove air pockets. Leave at room temperature for 4-6 hours to kickstart fermentation—this gives a mild tang. For a deeper flavor, refrigerate overnight or up to 24 hours; the flavors will intensify as it ferments.
Once fermented to your liking, serve chilled as a side dish with grilled meats or fish or as a salad topping. Store leftovers in the fridge for up to 2 weeks—the flavor will continue to develop over time.